Plasmonics: A wave without diffraction

May 22, 2013 ? An unusual wave that does not spread out as it travels could become a key component in speedy computer chips that use beams of light to carry and process data. Jiao Lin, a physicist at the A*STAR Singapore Institute of Manufacturing Technology, helped to develop the electromagnetic wave, which can travel some 80 micrometers in a straight line without diffracting.

The wave is formed when light hits the surface of a metal, creating ripples in the sea of electrons there. Under certain conditions, the ripples -- known as surface plasmons -- can couple with the incoming light to create electromagnetic waves that stick tightly to the metal surface as they travel. Known as surface plasmon polaritons, these waves have a shorter wavelength than the light, which makes them more attractive as data carriers.

Although light can zip around a computer much faster than electrons, optical components tend to be much larger than those in conventional circuits -- their size is dictated by the wavelength of the light they handle. Using surface plasmon polaritons offers the best of both worlds, explains Lin, because the signals can travel at the speed of light along metal waveguides that are as compact as conventional circuits. Unfortunately, surface plasmon polaritons diffract as they travel over the metal, which erodes the quality of the signals they carry. Previous attempts to prevent this diffraction were moderately successful, but caused the polaritons to veer off course.

The wave developed by Lin and co-workers is a previously unknown solution to Maxwell's equations, which describe how electromagnetic fields behave. Once the team had formulated a mathematical description of this wave, known as a localized cosine-Gauss beam, Lin helped to turn it into a reality. The team carved two sets of tiny grooves, each roughly 10 micrometers long, into a thin layer of gold stuck to a glass backplate. They slightly angled the grooves to make a chevron pattern (see image).

Shining near-infrared laser light at the grooves generated two surface plasmon polaritons that soon converged and interfered constructively with each other. This resulted in a tightly focused beam that skimmed across the gold without diffracting, covering a much greater distance than previous efforts had achieved. The team tracked the narrow beam as it traveled over the surface using a near-field scanning optical microscope.

Lin says that as well as helping to create faster and more energy efficient computers, the beams could also be used in the laboratory to trap and manipulate nanoparticles.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/matter_energy/physics/~3/t4zvR_DTxzA/130522131024.htm

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Going green: U.S. equipped to grow serious amounts of pond scum for fuel

May 21, 2013 ? A new analysis shows that the nation's land and water resources could likely support the growth of enough algae to produce up to 25 billion gallons of algae-based fuel a year in the United States, one-twelfth of the country's yearly needs.

The findings come from an in-depth look at the water resources that would be needed to grow significant amounts of algae in large, specially built shallow ponds. The results were published in the May 7 issue of Environmental Science and Technology, published by the American Chemical Society.

"While there are many details still to be worked out, we don't see water issues as a deal breaker for the development of an algae biofuels industry in many areas of the country," said first author Erik Venteris of the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory.

For the best places to produce algae for fuel, think hot, humid and wet. Especially promising are the Gulf Coast and the Southeastern seaboard.

"The Gulf Coast offers a good combination of warm temperatures, low evaporation, access to an abundance of water, and plenty of fuel-processing facilities," said hydrologist Mark Wigmosta, the leader of the team that did the analysis.

Wooing algae as fuel

Algae, it turns out, are plump with oil, and several research teams and companies are pursuing ways to improve the creation of biofuels based on algae -- growing algae composed of more oil, creating algae that live longer and thrive in cooler temperatures, or devising new ways to separate out the useful oil from the rest of the algae.

But first, simply, the algae must grow. The chief requirements are sunlight and water. Antagonists include clouds, a shortage of water, and evaporation.

A previous report by the same team looked mainly at how much demand algae farms would create for freshwater. That report demonstrated that oil based on algae have the potential to replace a significant portion of the nation's oil imports and drew the attention of President Obama.

The new report focuses on actual water supplies and looks at a range of possible sources of water, including fresh groundwater, salty or saline groundwater, and seawater. The team estimates that up to 25 billion gallons of algal oil could be produced annually, an increase of 4 billion gallons over the previous study's estimate. The new amount is enough to fill the nation's current oil needs for one month -- about 600 million barrels -- each year. The study's authors note that the new estimate is exactly that -- an estimate -- based to some degree on assumptions about land and water availability and use.

"I'm confident that algal biofuels can be part of the solution to our energy needs, but algal biofuels certainly aren't the whole solution," said Wigmosta. Most important, he notes that the cost of making the fuel far exceeds the cost of traditional gasoline-based products right now.

Big ponds, big potential

An algae farm would likely consist of many ponds, with water maybe six to 15 inches deep. A few companies have built smaller algae farms and are just beginning to churn out huge amounts of algae to convert to fuel; earlier this year, one company sold algae-based oil to customers in California. Players in the algae biofuels arena range from Exxon-Mobil, which launched a $600 million research effort four years ago, to this year's teenage winner of the Intel Science Talent Search, who was recognized for her work developing algae that produce more oil than they normally do.

The availability of water has been one of the biggest concerns regarding the adoption of broad-scale production of algal biofuel. Scientists estimate that fuel created with algae would use much more water than industrial processes used to harness energy from oil, wind, sunlight, or most other forms of raw energy. To produce 25 billion gallons of algae oil, the team estimates that the process annually would require the equivalent of about one-quarter of the amount of water that is now used each year in the entire United States for agriculture. While that is a huge amount, the team notes that the water would come from a multitude of sources: fresh groundwater, salty groundwater, and seawater.

For its analysis, the team limited the amount of freshwater that could be drawn in any one area, assuming that no more than 5 percent of a given watershed's mean annual water flow could be used in algae production. That number is a starting point, says Venteris, who notes that it's the same percentage that the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency allows power plants to use for cooling.

"In arid areas such as the Desert Southwest, 5 percent is probably an overstatement of the amount of water available, but in many other areas that are a lot wetter, such as much of the East, it's likely that much more water would be available," says Venteris.

"While the nation's Desert Southwest has been considered a possible site for vast algae growth using saline water, rapid evaporation in this region make success there more challenging for low- cost production," Venteris added.

Venteris and colleagues weighed the pluses and minuses of the various water sources. They note that freshwater is cheap but in very limited supply in many areas. Saline groundwater is attractive because it's widely available but usually at a much deeper depth, requiring more equipment and technology to pump it to the surface and make it suitable for algae production. Seawater is plentiful, but would require much more infrastructure, most notably the creation of pipelines to move the water from the coast to processing plants.

The team notes that special circumstances, such as particularly tight water restrictions in some areas or severe drought or above-average rainfall in others, could affect its estimates of water availability.

The work was funded by the DOE's Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy. In addition to Venteris and Wigmosta, PNNL scientists Richard Skaggs and Andre Coleman contributed to the project and authored the study.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/Z4rjrZ05yEQ/130521140916.htm

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Single-cell transfection tool enables added control for biological studies

May 21, 2013 ? Northwestern University researchers have developed a new method for delivering molecules into single, targeted cells through temporary holes in the cell surface. The technique could find applications in drug delivery, cell therapy, and related biological fields.

Bulk electroporation -- a technique used to deliver molecules into cells through reversible nanopores in the cell membrane that are caused by exposing them to electric pulses -- is an increasingly popular method of cell transfection. (Cell transfection is the introduction of molecules, such as nucleic acids or proteins, into a cell to change its properties.)

However, because bulk electroporation applies electric pulses to a bulk cell solution, it results in heterogeneous cell populations and often low cell viability. To solve these problems, Northwestern University researchers have developed a novel tool for single-cell transfection.

The new method, called nanofountain probe electroporation (NFP-E), allows researchers to deliver molecules into targeted cells through temporary nanopores in the cell membrane created by a localized electric field applied to a small portion of the cell. The method enables researchers to control dosage by varying the duration of the electric pulses, which provides unprecedented control of cell transfection.

"This is really exciting," said Horacio Espinosa, James and Nancy Farley Professor of Manufacturing and Entrepreneurship at Northwestern's McCormick School of Engineering and one of the paper's authors. "The ability to precisely deliver molecules into single cells is needed for biotechnology researchers to advance the state-of-the-art in therapeutics, diagnostics, and drug delivery toward the promise of personalized medicine."

A paper describing the research, "Nanofountain Probe Electroporation (NFP-E) of Single Cells," was published May 7 in the journal Nano Letters.

NFP-E is based on nanofountain probe (NFP) technology developed in Espinosa's lab. The NFP-E chip consists of an array of microfabricated cantilever probes with integrated microfluidic channels. The probe has previously been used for high-speed nanopatterning of proteins and nanoparticles for drug delivery studies.

The new single-cell transfection application couples the probe with an electrode and fluid control system that can be easily connected to a micromanipulator or atomic force microscope for position control. This integrated system allows the entire transfection process and post-transfection cell response to be monitored by an optical microscope.

The NFP-E system is being developed for commercialization by iNfinitesimal LLC, a Northwestern spin-off company founded by Espinosa, and is expected to be available in late 2013.

The technique is proving to be extremely robust and multi-functional. Researchers have used the NFP-E chip to transfect HeLa cells with polysaccharides, proteins, DNA hairpins, and plasmid DNA with single-cell selectivity, high transfection efficiency (up to 95%), qualitative dosage control, and very high viability (up to 92%).

In addition to Espinosa, authors of the research paper include Wonmo Kang, Fazel Yavari, Majid Minary-Jolandan, Juan P. Giraldo-Vela, Asmahan Safi, Rebecca McNaughton, and Victor Parpoil. The research was supported by the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/fvRiDBGoeR4/130521132223.htm

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First Person: Taking shelter as tornadoes hit Oklahoma City area

FIRST PERSON | BRIDGE CREEK, Okla. -- It was 1:55 this afternoon when I took my children and dogs down to our storm shelter in this town just southwest of Oklahoma City.

I had just phoned my neighbors to warn them about the imminent tornado threat, and no sooner had we reached the storm shelter, a tornado formed right in front of our eyes over in the town of Newcastle. I had no clue just how bad this tornado would become.

The tornado touched down in Newcastle, just about 20 minutes east, and it quickly grew into a F4/F5 tornado heading for my old town of Moore.

The immediate threat in Bridge Creek diminished, and I was able to step out of my storm shelter. I made sure my children and pets stayed in the shelter, and as I climbed out, all I could see were wall clouds all around me, each of them ready to drop a tornado at anytime. I knew we were OK at that point, and I walked over to my neighbor's storm shelter and started to talk with them.

Tammy, my neighbor, and her children were glad we made it to the shelters when we did, but we're upset our neighboring towns were torn apart by a monster tornado. For the next two hours we talked, and listened to reports on the radio about the massive destruction in Moore.

Monday's two-mile wide tornado tore down the street I lived on 12 months ago in Moore. My heart was heavy, as many of my friends still lived there. My heart sank even more when I found out that two elementary schools were hit; one of them is Plaza Towers, the school my son used to attend. Unfortunately, some of those children did not make it. Those third-graders would have been my son's classmates. This evening, it has really started to sink in just how bad this weather is.

Still, the destruction from today has still not registered fully with my wife and me. I am fortunate and am so thankful the storms that were rotating over our heads missed us, but I am so sad that so many of my fellow Oklahomans were caught in it.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/first-person-taking-shelter-tornadoes-twist-oklahoma-city-002300032.html

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FBI agents killed in Va. training were among elite

NORFOLK, Va. (AP) ? The two FBI agents who died while training off the Virginia Beach coast were part of the agency's elite hostage rescue team, a group known most recently for rescuing an Alabama boy from an underground bunker.

It will likely be weeks before a cause of death is determined Special Agents Christopher Lorek and Stephen Shaw because the state medical examiner's regional office is waiting for toxicology results. The FBI has declined to say what kind of training the men were doing when they were killed Friday.

The team is trained in military tactics and outfitted with combat-style gear and weapons. Some of their preparation consists of scuba diving, dropping quickly out of helicopters and battling in close quarters.

"They're really the best of the best as far as civilians. Their only counterpart would be something like Navy SEAL Team 6 or U.S. Army Delta," said Clint Van Zandt, a former FBI hostage negotiator who deployed with the rescue team. "There is no other police or FBI SWAT team that's their equal, because that's their full-time job. That's all they do is train for highly critical terrorist, hostage and criminal situations."

Dale Gauding, a spokesman for Sentara Healthcare, said the men were brought to Sentara Norfolk General Hospital in a helicopter, but he declined to say what their conditions were upon arrival, deferring questions to the FBI. The hospital is the area's only Level I Trauma Center and burn trauma unit.

The Coast Guard said it was not involved, although it was notified about 11:30 p.m. on Friday. The FBI hasn't specified whether training was in the Chesapeake Bay or Atlantic Ocean.

The hostage rescue team is organized into tactical units comprised of assaulters and snipers who are supported by helicopter and intelligence and communication teams, among others. Unlike FBI SWAT teams that train several days a month, the hostage team preps full time.

They are headquartered at the FBI Academy in Quantico in northern Virginia, although they train around the U.S. and can be deployed quickly anywhere.

In 2011, two team members helped apprehend a Somali man who prosecutors say is the highest-ranking pirate federal officials have ever captured. Mohammad Saaili Shibin was the chief negotiator for a group of pirates who took four Americans hostage aboard their yacht and later killed them. Unlike the other pirates in the case, Shibin was arrested in Somalia. In August, a federal judge sentenced Shibin to a dozen life sentences.

Team members also responded to the 1998 U.S. Embassy bombings in East Africa and have been deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan.

Domestically, their resume includes rescuing nine hostages held at a federal prison in Talladega, Ala. in 1991 by Cuban inmates who were rioting to prevent their return to Cuba. In February, members of the team rescued a 5-year-old boy from a small underground bunker where he was being held hostage by a 65-year-old man. The man was killed by agents.

The group was formed 30 years ago in preparation for the 1984 Olympics in Los Angeles. They have participated in hostage situations more than 800 times in the U.S. and elsewhere since 1983. Fewer than 300 people have been chosen for the unit since its creation.

The FBI has sought out former special warfare operators to join its ranks to meet the high demand for its services since Sept. 11. Still, even former Navy SEALs and Army Rangers must serve for two years as investigative special agents before they can try out to be on the team.

"These are not hit squads. These are not mercenaries. These are people who come into the FBI first and foremost to be an FBI agent. They have to have college education, worldly experience, verbal skills," Van Zandt said. "They have to have everything we would see in a regular FBI agent plus more."

Lorek, 41, and his wife and two daughters joined Three Chopt Church of Christ in suburban Richmond about six years ago, minister Bob Odle said.

"They are as solid as they come," Odle said. "They were here every time the doors were open."

Church members knew he had a high-risk job and was often out of town, but they didn't know exactly what he did.

Someone who answered the phone at the Lorek residence Monday said the family would not be making a statement.

Lorek graduated from Texas A&M University in 1993 with a degree in ocean engineering. He joined the FBI in 1996.

Shaw, 40, joined the FBI in 2005. He is survived by his wife, a daughter and a son.

___

Associated Press Writer Steve Szkotak contributed to this report from Richmond.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/fbi-agents-killed-va-training-were-among-elite-214517832.html

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Google's Field Trip app granting free admission to 13 museums

While Mountain View's Field Trip app may find attractions off the beaten path, footing the bill for excursions has been up to users. Now, however, the Niantic Labs-made application is handing out freebies for an unspecified limited time, allowing those who wield it to waltz into 13 museums for free. Folks near the establishments will receive Free Entry cards in the "nearby" tab, which will let them pass turnstiles without forking over a dime. Although Field Trip has been beefed up with points of interest in over 80 countries, the participating institutions -- which range from The Field Museum to the Walt Disney Family Museum -- are all located in six US cities. Head past the break for the full list.

Filed under: Software, Mobile, Google

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Movie Reviews: Star Trek Into Darkness & The Great Gatsby - GayRVA

Chris Pine flashes his chest and so much pretty...

Read More: movie reviews, star trek into darkness, the great gatsby

The Great Gatsby

Director: Baz Luhrmann
Writers: Baz Luhrmann, Craig Pearce
Stars: Leonardo DiCaprio, Joel Edgerton, Tobey Maguire

Director Baz Luhrmann creates extravagant and exceptional cinematic imagery. The first 90 minutes of this?2:23?long movie bristle with electric energy: dazzling mise en scene, dynamic pacing and gorgeous cinematography. Once the dramatic conflict grabs hold, it slams to a stop and starts to feel long. Leonardo DiCaprio gives a subdued, but nuanced performance in the title role. Tobey Maguire (Carraway) is appropriately bland and the ladies are lovely. The soundtrack, a mashup of 20s period, jazz, hip hop and R&B, is outstanding right thru the credits. This is a big, glamorous motion picture. A bit emotionally slight, but impressive to appreciate.

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GAY ANGLE: So much pretty and that Prada dress!

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Star Trek Into Darkness

Director: J.J. Abrams
Writers: Roberto Orci, Alex Kurtzman,
Stars: Chris Pine, Zachary Quinto, Zoe Saldana

Watching this movie felt like d?j? vu. The plot (an evil power bent on destroying the Star Fleet) is certainly nothing new. The dialogue seemed cobbled together from every clich? in the series: annihilation is imminent with every decision, each crew member must take a stand (using the inevitable clich?) and Kirk/Spock spar/smooch. The futuristic Earth has cool architecture and the big crash is spectacular, but most of the combat is all noise and flash without much cool action. Fans will dig the endless drama, but I?d rather see ?Iron Man 3? again.

GAY ANGLE: Dreamy Chris Pine flashes his chest for less than a second (where?s time warp when you need it?)

Source: http://www.gayrva.com/arts-culture/movie-reviews-star-trek-into-darkness-the-great-gatsby/

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ASUS Zenbook Infinity Ultrabook to appear at Computex 2013 with Gorilla Glass 3 lid

ASUS' Transformer Book hybrid may have just graduated from our review testing, but the company already has a new product to tempt you. The Zenbook Infinity will be the "world's first Ultrabook with a lid made form Corning Gorilla Glass 3" and will be revealed in full at Taipei's Computex 2013 in a few weeks. It'll measure in at just 15.5mm thick -- a full 14 percent thinner than previous Zenbooks. Next-generation Gorilla Glass will cover the outer lid and the keyboard surround, although you can expect to see that familiar concentric circle pattern beneath that protection. ASUS says the Ultrabook will launch Q3 2013, but we can expect to see the full specs before then.

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Obama exhorts good deeds by Morehouse graduates

ATLANTA (AP) ? President Barack Obama, in a soaring commencement address on work, sacrifice and opportunity, on Sunday told graduates of historically black Morehouse College to seize the power of their example as black men graduating from college and use it to improve people's lives.

The president said his success was due to "the special obligation I felt, as a black man like you, to help those who need it most, people who didn't have the opportunities that I had ? because there but for the grace of God, go I. I might have been in their shoes. I might have been in prison. I might have been unemployed. I might not have been able to support a family. And that motivates me."

Noting the Atlanta school's mission to cultivate, not just educate, good men, Obama said graduates should not be so eager to join the chase for wealth and material things, but instead should remember where they came from and not "take your degree and get a fancy job and nice house and nice car and never look back."

"So yes, go get that law degree. But if you do, ask yourself if the only option is to defend the rich and powerful, or if you can also find time to defend the powerless," Obama said. "Sure, go get your MBA, or start that business, we need black businesses out there. But ask yourself what broader purpose your business might serve, in putting people to work, or transforming a neighborhood."

"The most successful CEOs I know didn't start out intent on making money. Rather, they had a vision of how their product or service would change things, and the money followed," he said.

For those headed to medical school, Obama said, "Make sure you heal folks in underserved communities who really need it, too."

Before Obama arrived in Atlanta, thunderstorms drenched hundreds of people who gathered on the campus lawn for the outdoor ceremony, forcing many guests to wear clear plastic ponchos over what amounted to their Sunday-best clothes. Rain began falling again, accompanied by more thunder and lightning, minutes after Obama began to speak.

"I also have to say you all are going to get wet," he said. "I would be out there with you if I could. But Secret Service gets nervous, so I'm going to have to stay here, dry. But know that I'm with you in spirit."

Obama urged graduates to "inspire those who look up to you to expect more of themselves."

Obama used the speech to once again share his personal story of growing up without a father, confessing that along the way he made unspecified bad personal choices "like too many men in our community."

"Sometimes I wrote off my own failings as just another example of the world trying to keep a black man down," he said. "I had a tendency to make excuses for me not doing the right thing. But one of the things that all of you have learned over the last four years is, there's no longer any room for excuses."

Speaking in personal terms as he often does when addressing predominantly black audiences, particularly of black males, the nation's first black president also spoke intimately of his desire to be a better father to daughters Malia and Sasha than his absent father was to him, and to be a better husband to his wife, Michelle.

He told the graduates to pay attention to their families, saying success in every other aspect of life means nothing without success at home.

"I was raised by a heroic single mother and wonderful grandparents who made incredible sacrifices for me. And I know there are moms and grandparents here today who did the same thing for all of you," he said. "But I still wish I had a father who was not only present, but involved. And so my whole life, I've tried to be for Michelle and my girls what my father wasn't for my mother and me. I've tried to be a better husband, a better father, and a better man.

"It's hard work that demands your constant attention, and frequent sacrifice. And Michelle will be the first to tell you that I'm not perfect," he continued. "Even now, I'm still learning how to be the best husband and father I can be. Because success in everything else is unfulfilling if we fail at family.

"I know that when I'm on my deathbed someday, I won't be thinking about any particular legislation I passed, or policy I promoted. I won't be thinking about the speech I gave, or the Nobel Prize I received," said Obama, 51. "I'll be thinking about a walk I took with my daughters, a lazy afternoon with my wife, whether I did right by all of them."

The speech was Obama's second commencement address of the season, following remarks last Sunday at Ohio State University in Columbus. His third and final graduation address will come Friday at the U.S. Naval Academy in Annapolis, Md.

About 500 students received undergraduate degrees on Sunday and became "Morehouse Men."

After the speech, Obama joined about 100 people at a fundraiser at the office of the foundation of Arthur M. Blank, co-founder of Home Depot and owner of the Atlanta Falcons. It was the first of six money events that officials say he will headline for the Democratic Senatorial Campaign Committee, which is recruiting candidates and strategizing to keep control of the Senate in next year's midterm elections. Democrats will be defending more Senate seats than Republicans, including six held by long-serving Democratic senators who have decided not to seek re-election.

After briefly discussing the economy, early childhood education, energy independence, climate change and infrastructure, Obama said "the good news is we've got good, common-sense solutions that we can implement right now," on those issues. "The bad news is there's a shortage of common sense in Washington."

He told the donors, who paid anywhere from $10,000 per couple to $32,400 per couple to attend the fundraiser, that their support is important because it will help elect more non-ideological senators like Michael Bennet, D-Colo., "who don't come at this thinking there's just one way of doing things." Bennet chairs the campaign arm for Senate Democrats and introduced Obama at the event.

"That kind of approach, if we get a critical mass in the Senate, and we can potentially get a critical mass of folks like that in the House, means that the sky's the limit," Obama said. "Nothing can stop us."

___

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Source: http://news.yahoo.com/obama-exhorts-good-deeds-morehouse-graduates-160712553.html

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Honeybees trained in Croatia to find land mines

ZAGREB, Croatia (AP) ? Mirjana Filipovic is still haunted by the land mine blast that killed her boyfriend and blew off her left leg while on a fishing trip nearly a decade ago. It happened in a field that was supposedly de-mined.

Now, unlikely heroes may be coming to the rescue to prevent similar tragedies: sugar-craving honeybees. Croatian researchers are training them to find unexploded mines littering their country and the rest of the Balkans.

When Croatia joins the European Union on July 1, in addition to the beauty of its aquamarine Adriatic sea, deep blue mountain lakes and lush green forests, it will also bring numerous un-cleared minefields to the bloc's territory. About 750 square kilometers (466 square miles) are still suspected to be filled with mines from the Balkan wars in the 1990s.

Nikola Kezic, an expert on the behavior of honeybees, sat quietly together with a group of young researchers on a recent day in a large net tent filled with the buzzing insects on a grass field lined with acacia trees. The professor at Zagreb University outlined the idea for the experiment: Bees have a perfect sense of smell that can quickly detect the scent of the explosives. They are being trained to identify their food with the scent of TNT.

"Our basic conclusion is that the bees can clearly detect this target, and we are very satisfied," said Kezic, who leads a part of a larger multimillion-euro program, called "Tiramisu," sponsored by the EU to detect land mines on the continent.

Several feeding points were set up on the ground around the tent, but only a few have TNT particles in them. The method of training the bees by authenticating the scent of explosives with the food they eat appears to work: bees gather mainly at the pots containing a sugar solution mixed with TNT, and not the ones that have a different smell.

Kezic said the feeding points containing the TNT traces offer "a sugar solution as a reward, so they can find the food in the middle."

"It is not a problem for a bee to learn the smell of an explosive, which it can then search," Kezic said. "You can train a bee, but training their colony of thousands becomes a problem."

Croatian officials estimate that since the beginning of the Balkan wars in 1991, about 2,500 people have died from land mine explosions. During the four-year war, around 90,000 land mines were placed across the entire country, mostly at random and without any plan or existing maps.

Dijana Plestina, the head of the Croatian government's de-mining bureau, said the suspected devices represent a large obstacle for the country's population and industry, including agriculture and tourism. In the nearly two decades since the end of the war, land mines have taken the lives of 316 people, including 66 de-miners, she said.

"While this exists, we are living in a kind of terror, at least for the people who are living in areas suspected to have mines," she said. "And of course, that is unacceptable. We will not be a country in peace until this problem is solved."

In 2004, Filipovic and her boyfriend were on a fishing trip that took them to a river between Croatia and Bosnia.

"As we were returning hand-in-hand, my boyfriend stepped on a mine," the 41-year-old Filipovic said. "It was an awful, deafening explosion ... thousands of shrapnel parts went flying, hundreds ending up in my body. He was found dead several meters away, while I remained in a pool of blood sitting on the ground."

She sued the Croatian government, saying the area wasn't clearly marked as a former minefield.

"At first I thought I was asleep," she recalled. "Then I heard the voice of my father. I opened my eyes, and saw nothing. I thought I lost my eyes."

The government admitted guilt in the case for failing to keep the minefield sign, but the court has yet to determine financial compensation.

It may be a while before the honeybees hit real minefields, Kezic said. First, they will conduct controlled tests, with real mines but which are marked.

Kezic said American researchers have in the past experimented with mine-searching bees, but TNT ? the most common explosive used in the Balkan wars ? wasn't part of their experiment because its smell evaporates quickly, and only small traces remain after time. Rats and dogs are also used to detect explosives worldwide, but unlike bees, they could set off blasts on the minefields because of their weight.

Even after the de-miners have done their job in an area, some land mines are missed and remain in the soil, and they are most often the cause of deadly explosions. Once the experiment with bees proves scientifically reliable, the idea is to use them in the areas that have already been de-mined, where their movement would be followed with heat-seeking cameras, Kezic said.

"We are not saying that we will discover all the mines on a minefield, but the fact is that it should be checked if a minefield is really de-mined," he said. "It has been scientifically proven that there are never zero mines on a de-mined field, and that's where bees could come in."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/honeybees-trained-croatia-land-mines-102000875.html

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Not Sure How To Do Web Marketing? Follow These Suggestions! |

A partnership describes how people often make money in affiliate promotion. While it may not seem like the parent company is helping you directly, you can both benefit by targeting the right audience and working hard. While hard work is wonderful, at times it is not enough. Some of these tips can help you fill those missing gaps.

Make sure that your affiliates don?t abuse cookies, and certainly don?t do it yourself. If nothing else, this will annoy your visitors. However, it also has the potential to interfere with accurate tracking of customer click-throughs, and even transmit malicious viruses.

Let your customers know up front that you participate in online marketing. This will make your readers feel much more well-disposed toward your efforts. The profits available from affiliate marketing cannot make up for alienating your website?s patrons with duplicity; always be honest with your audience. If your readers understand the reasons you utilize affiliate promotion, they may be more positive and responsive to the links provided on your site.

Your affiliate status might not benefit if you are offering only the most in-demand products on the Internet. You want your products to be good quality, but that doesn?t necessarily mean they will be popular. If you chose a popular product, you will probably end up trying to market it in a already saturated market. By focusing solely on products that are being sold all over the web, you?re likely not to make a profit at all.

Many affiliate marketers try too hard to attain ?super? affiliate status. They try to sell too many things, they offer more promotions than they should, and they put much more on themselves than they can handle. There is no bar set for maximum results. With time, if you don?t try to cut corners, you?ll put a program in place that works for you.

If you pick an affiliate that has a lot of options on how to get your money, it is the best way. There are a variety of methods companies employ to pay their affiliates. Some also require that you have reached a certain dollar amount before they will pay you. Payment options include direct deposit, traditional checks, and online options like AlertPay and PayPal.

The best affiliates are ones that offer a variety of services or goods. By finding a business who is constantly releasing new products, you have a higher chance of creating repeat business and achieving larger commissions. You do not want to go with fads or things that will fade out, these will not work.

Setting up a program to contact customers via text message could improve the profitability of your online marketing campaign. Even though text services are still fairly new, many affiliates apply this service in order to ensure their customers stay informed, as well as to advertise new products to customers.

Give careful consideration to products you want to promote before doing so. You might need to teach yourself how to arrange your affiliate links, but once you know how, you will see more regular profits.

When you are selecting an affiliate company to work with, pick one who supports their affiliates and provides help to sell the product. Generally, affiliate businesses are not stupid. They know what types of marketing campaigns turn a browser into a buyer. The better companies share that data with affiliates, so that the affiliates can customize their campaigns to sell more products and get more commissions.

Affiliate promotion is one of the most popular and effective ways to get results from your online business. Internet marketing is one of the most popular ways of advertising, because of the number of people who click links. Each prospective affiliate program should be carefully assessed based upon its popularity, ease of use, and compensation plan.

Statistics in real time are important in order to evaluate your website and online marketing effectiveness. These types of numbers help you know how many people have made purchases versus how many actual visitors your site has had.

Interesting newsletters can help entice people to subscribe your mailing list. A long time ago, folks looked forward to receiving emails. These days, receiving spam is the worst; make a relevant, interesting newsletter.

Resist the temptation to be comfortable with only a handful of affiliate partners. Make both your vendors and product offerings more varied. Having a broad array of affiliate partners means you won?t suffer too many losses if one begins to fall short of your expectations. If you feel like you are too comfortable with the number of products you are currently advertising, search for additional products you can advertise.

While building backlinks is essential to web marketing, you should never get people to click on links through deceptive methods. For example, if your customer clicks on one type of product but ends up looking at something completely different, he or she will be very disappointed and not as likely to purchase from you. This type of strategy may seem smart, but it will backfire, as customers may view you as dishonest.

100 percent commission programs are not always a scam as you might assume. You might discount them off hand if you don?t take the time to read a bit and investigate the fine print. Companies offering 100% commissions operate by paying you only on upfront sales, while they retain any profits from subscriptions. However, you can still earn money with these programs, so it literally may pay to read the fine print the next time you see one of these offers.

Your primary intention is to pinpoint your target audience and provide ways to meet their needs, rather then actively poach clients from other businesses. The advice in this article helps to clarify how the best affiliate marketers in the industry achieved their success and how you can follow in their footsteps.

Many people aren?t sure where they can learn about marketsamuraireviews.net. This article definitely has the wisdom that you seek. You can use the information you have learned here!

Source: http://www.onlinehundred.com/2013/05/18/not-sure-how-to-do-web-marketing-follow-these-suggestions/

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Stevens rides Oxbow to 3rd Preakness win

Jockey Gary Stevens celebrates aboard Oxbow after winning the 138th Preakness Stakes horse race at Pimlico Race Course, Saturday, May 18, 2013, in Baltimore. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)

Jockey Gary Stevens celebrates aboard Oxbow after winning the 138th Preakness Stakes horse race at Pimlico Race Course, Saturday, May 18, 2013, in Baltimore. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)

Jockey Gary Stevens gives thumbs up after riding Oxbow to win 138th Preakness Stakes horse race at Pimlico Race Course, Saturday, May 18, 2013, in Baltimore. (AP Photo/Matt Slocum)

Jockey Gary Stevens celebrates aboard Oxbow after winning the 138th Preakness Stakes horse race at Pimlico Race Course, Saturday, May 18, 2013, in Baltimore. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)

Jockey Gary Stevens holds up a trophy in the winner's circle after riding Oxbow to win the 138th Preakness Stakes horse race at Pimlico Race Course, Saturday, May 18, 2013, in Baltimore. (AP Photo/Matt Slocum)

Jockey Gary Stevens celebrates aboard Oxbow after winning the 138th Preakness Stakes horse race at Pimlico Race Course, Saturday, May 18, 2013, in Baltimore. (AP Photo/Matt Slocum)

BALTIMORE (AP) ? Although no one really keeps track of such things, Gary Stevens had no problem making the assessment with complete conviction.

"I guarantee I'm the first grandfather winner of a Triple Crown race," said the 50-year-old Stevens, who guided Oxbow to a stunning upset victory Saturday in the Preakness.

Stevens retired in 2005 after a long struggle with knee pain. He resumed riding in early January, the same week he got a call from 77-year-old trainer D. Wayne Lukas, who told him about a couple of promising 3-year-old colts who could make the Derby.

One of them was Oxbow.

With Stevens riding confidently in the saddle, Oxbow led from start to finish and won the Preakness by 1? lengths to end Orb's bid for the Triple Crown. The victory justified Stevens' decision to return to racing.

"I'm not going to lie to you, to win a classic at 50 years old after seven years' retirement, it doesn't get any better than this," he said. "This is super, super sweet. All the stars were aligned. I couldn't be more pleased winning this thing. It's even more special winning it for Wayne Lukas and his team."

It was Stevens' third career victory in the Preakness, the first since 1997 on Silver Charm.

Oxbow covered the 1 3/16th miles in 1:57.54. The ride, Stevens said, was easier than it looked.

"A lot of critics are going to think that I'm full of it saying this, but I won with a little something left, believe it or not," Stevens said.

Stevens captured his first Triple Crown race in 1988 for Lukas, and they have remained close since then.

"Wayne put me on the map," Stevens said. "When you win that first classic, your phone starts ringing and people want you. I got the call about Oxbow this year dating all the way back to 1988."

It was a phone call Lukas won't ever regret. Although he changed jockeys on his other two entrants in the Preakness, Lukas remained convinced that Stevens was the right person to ride Oxbow. For days, they talked about the best way to run the race. But there's really no way to predict what the other horses will do.

"I left it up to Gary," Lukas said. "Let me say, I think I got a Hall of Fame ride. We can plan this thing, we can talk about it, we can talk about strategy. But once that gate is open, they have to make the decisions. Gary made some great ones."

As he was gathering momentum and leaving the other eight horses in his wake, Stevens couldn't help but think about the trainer that provided him with his first Triple Crown winner and got him back into the game at an age when most jockeys have long since quit.

"I was smiling pretty good on the back side. I actually thought about Wayne up in the grandstands," Stevens said. "I knew he had to be looking at those fractions and was pleased with what he was seeing."

Not long after that, Lukas, Stevens and their brown colt had a wonderful time in the winner's circle.

"He wasn't a tired horse. He was a happy horse," Stevens said. "He enjoyed the celebration as much, well maybe not as much as Wayne and I, but he was enjoying it."

Next up for Stevens, Lukas and Oxbow: A ride over 1? miles in the Belmont on June 8.

"What about the Belmont? This horse has a happy kind of pace, and anybody that wants to come and tangle with him early on, bring it on. You're going to get in trouble if you tangle with him. That's all I can say."

Oh, he had more. As he was wrapping up his press conference, Stevens said, "You're only as good as the horses you ride and the people that you ride for. And I rode for what I consider to be one of the greatest trainers of all time."

Then he looked up and saw Lukas in the corner of the room.

"I didn't know you were standing there still," Stevens said. "Oh, all right. I love you, Wayne."

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-05-18-RAC-Preakness-Stevens/id-c0316c384d83423f84332c45ea359bbe

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2 fires north of LA persist after long fire week

SANTA CLARITA, Calif. (AP) ? A pair of tamed but persistent wildfires still burned in the hills and mountains around Interstate 5 after a wild week of burning brush in the area north of Los Angeles.

A new fire that broke out Friday, the third major blaze in the area in a week, quickly surged to more than 500 acres, briefly threatened an elementary school and led to the temporary evacuation of about 20 homes.

The fire burned very close to I-5 during some of the busiest hours of the week for the heavily traveled route in and out of Los Angeles, but some 350 firefighters were able to get the edge on the blaze as quickly as it arose.

The fire was 60 percent contained by nightfall and residents who evacuated were told they could safely return, the Los Angeles County Fire Department said.

Crews were helped by relatively mild temperatures that were expected to remain into the weekend, but challenged by unpredictable winds and very difficult terrain.

With air and ground attacks, firefighters were able to douse the flames closest to Northlake Hills Elementary School and stop a looming threat.

The school had a large defensible space around it, so it was easy to protect, Los Angeles County Fire Inspector Scott Miller said.

The campus was put on lockdown and buses were put on standby for a time in case hundreds of kindergarten through fifth-grade students needed to be evacuated.

After the flames were redirected, Los Angeles County Sheriff's Sgt. Brian Allen said the students were released to their parents without incident.

The fire was moving toward Castaic Lake.

The earlier fire that broke out Wednesday near Frazier Park was 55 percent contained Friday after consuming some 4,300 acres.

That blaze was not threatening any homes or buildings but fire officials said containing it would be a long, difficult task because it was burning in such rugged and hard-to-reach terrain.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/2-fires-north-la-persist-long-fire-week-071914894.html

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IRS head grilled by Congress

Outgoing IRS Commissioner Steven Miller apologized Friday on behalf of the Internal Revenue Service for unfairly targeting conservative groups applying for tax-exempt status, but said "partisanship" was not the reason for the agency's practices.

?First and foremost, as acting commissioner, I want to apologize on behalf of the Internal Revenue Service,? Miller said before a House Ways and Means Committee hearing.

The IRS is under fire for placing heavier scrutiny on organizations with words like "tea party" or "patriots" in their name when they applied for nonprofit status between 2010 and 2012, according to a report unveiled this week by the Treasury Department's inspector general for tax administration.

Miller, who at the time was deputy commissioner for services and enforcement, went on to say in his brief opening statement that "foolish mistakes were made" in the handling of the applications.

?I do not believe that partisanship motivated the people that engaged in the practices described in the inspector general?s report,? Miller said. ?Foolish mistakes were made by people who were trying to be more efficient in their work.?

Sitting next to Miller at the hearing, Treasury Inspector General J. Russell George testified that in his investigation he "did not" find evidence that the agency's decisions were motivated by politics.

Lawmakers from both parties grilled Miller, questioning him about when he learned of the agency's practices, probing into why the agency singled out organizations with conservative leanings for heavier scrutiny, and asking whether the IRS disclosed private tax information to other government agencies.

Miller repeatedly denied that the IRS intentionally used political criteria to determine levels of scrutiny on groups applying for tax-exempt status.

"Generally, we provided horrible customer service here. I will admit that, we did," Miller said when questioned by Rep. Pat Tiberi, an Ohio Republican. "Horrible customer service. Whether it is politically motivated or not is a very different question."

When asked to point to specific employees within the IRS who were responsible, Miller declined. ?I don?t have names for you,? he told Texas Republican Rep. Kevin Brady.

Also at Friday's hearing, California Republican Rep. Devin Nunes questioned Miller about why he resigned from his position as a result of the IRS' practices. Earlier this week, President Barack Obama announced that Miller would step down.

"I never said I didn't do anything wrong, Mr. Nunes," Miller said. "I resigned because, as the acting commissioner, what happens in the IRS, whether I was personally involved or not, stops at my desk. So I should be held accountable for what happens. Whether I was personally involved or not are very different questions, sir."

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/ticket/irs-commissioner-says-partisanship-not-involved-agency-behavior-134141319.html

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Paleofuture Joins Gizmodo

Hi, I?m Matt.

Read more...

Source: http://feeds.gawker.com/~r/gizmodo/full/~3/Kghl_QhHUng/paleofuture-joins-gizmodo-506876101

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Don't let strangers in, even in Paris

When a man in work clothes showed up at her door, the Monitor's Europe bureau chief let him inside. But fortunately, he didn't get a chance to pull off a well-known Parisian scam.

By Sara Miller Llana,?Staff writer / May 17, 2013

People walk in the business district of La D?fense, Paris, Wednesday. The Monitor's Europe bureau chief learns not to let strangers through the front door, even in Paris.

Christophe Ena/AP

Enlarge

I let a stranger into our apartment.

Skip to next paragraph Sara Miller Llana

Europe Bureau Chief

Sara Miller Llana?moved to Paris in April 2013 to become the Monitor's Europe Bureau?Chief. Previously she was the?paper's?Latin America Bureau Chief, based in Mexico City, from 2006 to 2013.

Recent posts

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I suppose that in moving from Mexico City to Paris, and feeling a sudden burst of elation for not having to worry so intently about drug and gang violence and, worst of all kidnapping, I went to the extreme.

A man knocked on the door of our temporary apartment saying he needed to check on something and asked if he could come in. He must have said what he was checking but my French, only now on its way back after lying dormant for over two decades, missed the details. He was dressed in work clothes, and I let him in.

He first said he was looking for the heater panel, then started asking all kinds of questions about who we were and how long we?d been in France. I thought this was a bit bizarre, but didn't think much of it.

Then he spotted the chimney. He opened the screen: ?Oh no, look at all of this soot.? (I had to look up the word for soot, suie, on my laptop.)

?You have a small child,? he went on. ?If she breathes this in, it could be the end. I am obligated to fix this.?

In my daze of jetlag, living out of suitcases, with a mountain of bureaucracy to tackle each day, I actually thought this man might be from the city government, and he was doing his municipal duty, for free, to make sure no Paris residents ? even foreigners, God bless France! ? breathe contaminated air.

I almost let him get to work ? until my more rational husband said, ?Let?s call the owner first.?

The owner's response was immediate: ?Get that guy out of the house now.?

I learned later that it?s a well-known scam in Paris that plumbers or electricians and other workers will come in, and tell you you need X, Y, and Z fixed. A colleague told me one man entered her house, broke a pipe, and then tried to get them to pay to fix it. I told the guardian downstairs about our visitor, and she said any communal or municipal work to be done will always be posted in the building.

Some of these scams are actually done by thieves, she said, who might rob you ? or worse. ?Don?t let anyone in your house. It could be very dangerous.?

I did learn back in elementary school not to talk to strangers, and most definitely not to let them through the front door.

But I had a momentary lapse of judgment, a good reminder that you have to be careful anywhere ? even in Paris!

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/csmonitor/globalnews/~3/t71YicIf93A/Don-t-let-strangers-in-even-in-Paris

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Strong U.S. Economic Data Hit T-Bonds, Boost Yields - Investors.com

BY BLOOMBERG NEWS

Treasuries declined after a measure of consumer confidence in May reached an almost six-year high and an index of leading economic indicators topped forecasts, as Federal Reserve officials debate the pace of asset purchases.

The 10-year yield climbed from almost the lowest level in a week as Fed Bank of San Francisco President John Williams said yesterday the central bank may begin to slow bond purchases as early as this summer. The difference between yields on 10-year notes and similar-maturity inflation-indexed debt shrank to the lowest level since August, indicating reduced concern about rising prices.

"The Fed is going to continue its public debate about when to taper, without actually tapering," said Steven Ricchiuto, chief economist in New York at Mizuho Securities USA, one of 21 primary dealers that trade with the Fed. "The 10-year note could gradually move back to the lows. We're right now from 1.85% to 1.98%."

Ten-year yields rose six basis points to 1.94%, according to Bloomberg Bond Trader data. The price of the 1.75% note due in May 2023 fell 1/2, or $5 per $1,000 face amount, to 98-9/32. The yield touched 1.86% yesterday, the lowest level since May 10.

Ten-year yields have risen for three straight weeks, from 1.66% on April 26, in the longest stretch of increases since December.

Issuance of Treasury notes, bonds and TIPS could plunge if the Congressional Budget Office's estimate of smaller federal deficits proves accurate, wrote Michael Schumacher, head of global rates strategy at UBS AG, in a report dated yesterday.

Net issuance totaled $667 billion between Oct. 1 and April 30, exceeding the CBO's predicted budget deficit with five months remaining in the fiscal year, they wrote.

A report May 14 showed the U.S. budget deficit will shrink this fiscal year to $642 billion, the smallest shortfall in five years, according to the nonpartisan CBO.

The agency reduced its estimate of the likely shortfall, citing stronger-than-expected tax receipts. In February, it had projected a $845 billion deficit for the 2013 fiscal year, which ends Sept. 30. Last year's deficit was $1.1 trillion.

Net issuance was $364 billion in the first four months of calendar 2013, suggesting that Treasury needs another $176 billion of net issuance this year, the UBS strategist, noting that amounts to a 21% decrease in gross issuance.

The Treasury announced yesterday it will sell $13 billion in 10-year TIPS on May 23. It sold an equal amount of the securities on March 21 at a yield of negative 0.602%.

Source: http://news.investors.com/investing-bonds/051713-656504-strong-us-economic-data-hit-t-bonds-boost-yields.htm

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'Contemporary Green Buildings' By Taschen Are Gorgeous (PHOTOS)

In case you missed the memo, climate change is happening. Luckily those of us who wish to wise up and cut down on our energy consumption can do so in style. We're excited about Taschen's "100 Contemporary Green Buildings," a survey of eco-friendly architecture at the cutting edge of design and environmental awareness.

Gathered from around the globe, the following selection of green buildings range from permanent camping grounds to schools. Architectural giants such as Frank Gehry as well as lesser-known architectural forces hailing from all over the globe are channeling the spirit of Mother Nature in their inventive architectural forms.

Check out the slideshow below and prepare to see green.

• Penny Clay Casey Brown, Permanent Camping! Mudgee, NSW, Australia

• Frank H?lsb?mer Heberle Mayer, U6 Berlin Penthouse, Berlin, Germany

• Emilio P. Doitzua Ecosistema Urbano, Ecoboulevard of Vallecas, Madrid, Spain

• Lukas Casagrande Marco Casagrande, Chen House, Sanjhih, Taipei, Taiwan

• Roland Halbe Caption: Auer+Weber+Assoziierte, Buildings in Chenshan Botanical Garden, Chenshan, Shanghai, China

• Enrico Cano Emilio Ambasz, Ospedale dell ?Angelo, Venice-Mestre, Italy

• Roland Halbe Caption: Aldinger Architekten, Cafeteria and Day Care Center, Waldorf School, Stuttgart, Germany

• Ally Taylor 24H Architecture, Panyaden School, Chiang Mai, Thailand

• Kengo Kuma, Glass Wood House, New Canaan, Connecticut, USA

• Iwan Baan Effan Adhiwira, Green School, Badung, Bali, Indonesia

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Source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/05/18/contemporary-green-buildings-taschen_n_3288612.html

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What to watch for at the Preakness

Kentucky Derby winner Orb stands as he is cooled down after a workout at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Friday, May 17, 2013. The Preakness Stakes horse race is scheduled to take place May 18. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)

Kentucky Derby winner Orb stands as he is cooled down after a workout at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore, Friday, May 17, 2013. The Preakness Stakes horse race is scheduled to take place May 18. (AP Photo/Patrick Semansky)

Hall of Fame trainer BobBaffert looks for his Preakness Stakes entrant Governor Charlie during a morning workout at Pimlico Race Course Friday, May 17, 2013 in Baltimore. The Preakness Stakes horse race is scheduled for Saturday. (AP Photo/Garry Jones)

Exercise rider Peter Shelton rides Preakness Stakes entrant Itsmyluckyday as they gallop at Pimlico Race Course Friday, May 17, 2013 in Baltimore. The Preakness Stakes horse race is scheduled for Saturday. (AP Photo/Garry Jones)

Preakness Stakes entrant Oxbow trots off the track after a morning workout at Pimlico Race Course Friday, May 17, 2013 in Baltimore. The Preakness Stakes horse race is scheduled for Saturday. (AP Photo/Garry Jones)

BALTIMORE (AP) ? All eyes will be on Kentucky Derby winner Orb in the Preakness Stakes on Saturday. The 3-year-old colt will take on eight challengers in the second leg of the Triple Crown. If he wins, Orb will attempt to become the first Triple Crown champion since Affirmed in 1978 at the Belmont Stakes on June 8. In the Preakness, Orb will be facing five horses he defeated in the Derby and three who did not run in the race.

Here's a guide to watching the race:

___

? INSIDE START. Orb will start from the inside, No. 1 gate. If this was the Kentucky Derby that could be a major problem because there would be more of a chance of getting squeezed back in the pack. The Derby field was 19; the Preakness is nine, with a longer run to the first turn than at Churchill Downs. However, since 1961 only one horse ? Tabasco Cat in 1994 ? has won from the No. 1 post.

? FIRST TURN. By the first turn, we'll know whether Orb, under jockey Joel Rosario, has established clear-running position. The question is how far back he'll settle. In the Derby, with its much larger field, Orb dropped 18 lengths off the pace. Look for him to be much closer as Govenor Charlie, Goldencents, Itsmyluckyday and Titletown Five vie for the early lead.

? BACKSTRETCH: Around the turn and into the backstretch, Orb should find a comfortable groove as the field sorts into clusters: speed horses, midpack runners and closers. If the early pace is fast, Orb could be farther back; if it's slow, he could be in the middle.

? FINAL TURN: Heading into the final turn is when Orb should be making his move. In the Derby, Rosario waited patiently to make the call and when he did, Orb went from 16th to the lead in the final half-mile and won by 2? lengths.

? HEADED FOR HOME: The stretch run is anyone's guess, but if all goes according to form, Orb should be in the mix to win no matter what the pace. Among proven closers in the field are Mylute, Departing and Will Take Charge. If the sloppy track was the reason both Goldencents and Itsmyluckday ran so poorly, then either or both could rebound with a big race and prove hard to catch in the lane.

___

Follow Richard Rosenblatt on Twitter at: http://www.twitter.com/rosenblattap

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/347875155d53465d95cec892aeb06419/Article_2013-05-17-RAC-Preakness-What-To-Watch-For-/id-d4e0396ad2464a9d9aa7f29b94238e02

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The IRS targeted tea party groups. Did liberal groups get better treatment?

Today marks the one-week anniversary of the Internal Revenue Service's disclosure that it improperly scrutinized certain conservative groups applying for tax-exempt status. As an inspector general report on the practice found, groups with phrases like "tea party," "patriots" and "9/12 project" were targeted for the "Be On the Look Out" or "BOLO" list, and often ended up waiting two years for notice on their status.

Somewhat lost in the furor over the disclosure is that very few liberal organizations appear to have been approved either. There is no evidence that groups with words like "progressive" or "Democratic" were targeted. But the numbers do suggest that the universe of nonprofit political organizations is small, and that liberal groups were not approved in droves while conservative ones were subject to endless bureaucratic rigmarole.

The IRS publishes a master database of all tax-exempt organizations, so it's possible to see how many groups with these words in their names were approved each month. As the Washington Post demonstrated on Wednesday, there was not a single organization with "tea party" in the name approved in 2011. In 2012, 26 groups were approved.

According to the IRS database, there were 1,017 "social welfare organizations" approved for tax-exempt status in 2012. In IRS-speak, that's a 501c(4) organization of classification type 3. Donations to such groups are not tax-deductable, and they are often not required to disclose donors.

Of those, 28 have the words "tea party" or "patriots" in their name. Only seven have the word "progress": Louisiana Progress Action Fund Inc., Progress Missouri, Progress Texas, Progressive Leadership Alliance of Nevada Action Fund, Progressive USA, Progressives United Inc., Progressnow. There are no matches for "liberal" or "Democrat." The complete list is at the end of this post.

Limiting the search to social welfare organizations is not the only way to compare liberal and conservative organizations. The Washington Post found that there were 30 groups with "progressive" in their name approved in 2012 by filtering all IRS records by the National Taxonomy of Exempt Entities code, which classifies nonprofits into sectors like "civil rights, social action, advocacy" and "community improvement, capacity building," among many others. This is arguably a more comprehensive approach than limiting the data to 501(c)4(3) organizations, but it also is more likely to include groups that are not explicitly politically oriented.

Even by this more permissive metric, progressive organizations did not appear to receive special treatment compared to conservative ones, judging only by the numbers of organizations that were approved. That does not absolve the IRS from clearly inappropriate behavior. Nor does it suggest that the other side of the aisle had a massive advantage due to the violation.

"Social Welfare Organizations" approved for tax-exempt status in 2012

1400 Block Association

361st Fighter Group

3rd Military District Sons of Veterans Reserve

4 Corners Liberty Restoration Group

912 Project Fort Worth Inc.

912 Project of the Lehigh Valley Inc.

A Circle of Friends

A Patch of Lakeshore Quilters

Adair-Casey Conservation Club

Addison Education Association Mea Nea

Aichi Kenjin Kai of Sacramento

Alcoholics Anonymous Women in Recovery

Alderwood Heights Lot Owners Association

Aleutian Rod & Gun Club

Aliana Community Council Inc.

All 4 Fun Agility Club

Allegheny Highlands Region of the Sports Car Club of America Inc.

Allentown Area Swing Dance Society

Alliance for Self-Governance

Alma Chapter 42 Department of Arkansas Disabled American Veteran

Alturas Lions Club

Alvadore Franklin Lions Club

Amateur Ballroom Dance Inc.

American Freedom and Enterprise Foundation Inc.

American GI Forum-Jerry Garcia Womens Chapter

American Greatness

American Jobs Alliance Inc.

American Legion Auxiliary Hesson- Snider Unit 120

American Life Sciences Innovation Council

American Patriots Against Government Excess

American Solutions for Winning the Future Inc.

Amici Di Naro Club S Calogero Inc.

Amsterdam Detachment No. 392 of the Marine Corps League Inc.

Anchorage Woods Association Inc.

Anderson Sharp Kent Auxiliary of Post No. 8042

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Ashland Garden Club

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Association of Graduates of Edison High Shcool

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Audie Murphy Ranch Community Association

Auxiliary of the East Windsor Volunteer Fire Co. No. 1 Inc.

Auxiliary Unit Attached to Baltimore Chapter No. 1 Department

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B Hasso Family Foundation

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Bay Center Improvement Club Association

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Binyah Foundation

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Bradford Glen Homeowners Association

Brandon Kennel Club of Mississippi

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Browerville Firemens Relief Assoc.

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Bt Freedom Ladies

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Buffalo County Salon 407 Etat Nebraska

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Cairn Terrier Club of Greater Detroit

California Houndsmen for Conservation

Californians Against Out-of-Control Taxes and Spending

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Capital Area Fire Chiefs Assn.

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Carbon Chapter Number 16 Department of Utah

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Chapter 3 Disabled American Veterans Department of Idaho Inc.

Chapter 46 of York County Department of South Carolina

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Cherry Valley Riders

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Chinese-American Professionals Association of Arizona

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Ciao Inc.

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Circle K International Inc.

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Civic Trust Public Lobbying Company

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Clarendon Facilities Corporation

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Clinton County Tea Party

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Coalition for a Conservative Majority - Colorado Springs

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Colorado 9-12 Project

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Conservative Roundtable of Texas

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Covington County Chapter Number 41 Department Of Alabama

Craft Guild of Nevada County

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Cvfc 501c4

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Daniel J Dale Det 1002 Marine Corps League Inc.

Danish Social & Benevolent Assn.

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Denali Destroyers Derby Dolls

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District 44h State of New Hampshire Lions International

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Dodge County Law Enforcement Corporation

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Eagle Drive and Bison Way Neighborhood Association

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East Dubuque Volunteer Fire Department

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East Tawakoni Volunteer Fire Dept.

Eastern Brandywine Hundred Coordinating Council

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Educate Our State Advocates

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Emerging Technology Consortium

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Enact the Plan

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Essex Tea Party

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Eugene P Long Chapter 32 Dpt. of New Mexico Disabled American Veterans

Fac Preservation Housing Development Fund Corporation

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Faith and Freedom Coalition of Ohio

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Flagstaff Tea Party-ROCN

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Florida Builders for a Better Economy

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For All the People Incorporated

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Four County Area Exchange Club

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Franklin County Cyclists

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Fund our Communities

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Georgia Pack Military Order of the Devil Dogs Marine Corps League

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Glendale Hispanic Business & Professional Association

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Gloversville Police Benevolent Assoc.

Goat Neck Community Center Inc.

Gold Coast Derby Grrls Inc.

Gold Wing Road Riders Association

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Govern for America

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Granite State Coalition Against Expanded Gambling

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Grayson Chapter No 147 Department of Kentucky Disabled American Vet

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Guardian Fund

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Hawk Hill Property Owners Corp.

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Heart O' Texas Radio Controlled Miniature Aircraft Club Waco Texas

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Heart of Virginia Festival

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Herding Group Association of New Jersey Inc.

Hickory Chapter 34 Dept of NC Disabled American Veterans

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Holland-America Club of the Pacific Northwest Inc.

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Homeless But Not Powerless

Houston County Lions Club

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Huron County Right to Life

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Ibizan Hound Club of the United States

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Indian River Rugby Club Inc.

International Association of Dupont Lions Club

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International Foundation for Online Responsibility

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Jackson County Chapter 22 Disabled American Veterans

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Jefferson District Fire Department

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Julian D Dusenbury Detachment Marine Corps League

Junior Service League of Forsyth

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Karing

Kauai Bonsai Club

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Kenmore Farmers Market Inc.

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Kingdom Training and Educational Tours Inc.

Kiwanis Club of Chelsea Inc.

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Kiwanis Club of the Kiwanis Family House Sacramento, California

Koolau Senior Hui

Korean War Veterans Association-Guam

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L A Chill

Laborers Local 242 Home Development Corporation

Ladies Auxiliary of the Scranton Volunteer Fire Company

Ladies Auxiliary to the Veterans of Foreign Wars of the US Dist. 1

Ladoga Lions Club Inc.

Lake Byron Development Association

Lake City Chapter 71 Dept. of South Carolina Disabled American Vet

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Lake Los Angeles Rural Town Council

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Lakeland Lions Club

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Langlade County Chapter of the Wisconsin Right to Life Inc.

Las Cruces Running Club

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Latin American Motorcycle Association Lama of Fort Meyers In

Lawai Community Association

League of Women Voters of Utah

Leavenworth 10 Inc.

Lebco Chapter 81 Disabled American Veterans

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Legacy- Whats Yours Inc.

Lenzburg Lions Club 188

Leonard Community Development Corp.

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Lions Club of Bloomfield 6863

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Lions Club of Florence Siuslaw

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Lions Club of Warsaw OH

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Lions Clubs of El Paso East

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Little River Academy Improvement Association

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Los Banos Tea Party Patriots Inc.

Louisiana Progress Action Fund Inc.

Louisianans lor Education Excellence Inc.

Louisville Community Improvement Corporation

Lourdes Mens Club

Lowcountry Tennis Association

Lower St. Croix Valley Fire Dept Relief Assoc.

M T Pocket Pullers Incorporated

Mac S Safe Ride Inc.

Macedon Center Fire Department

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Madison-Bouckville Promotions

Magnolia Volunteer Fire Department

Mahomet Town And Country Womens Club

Mahoning Township Volunteer Fire Department and Relief Association

Mahwah Post 531 American Legion

Maine Fair Trade Campaign

Major General John Alexander Logan Camp Four

Make Ohio Great

Makoti Housing Corporation

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Manson Apple Blossom Festival Inc.

Mapleview Fire Fighter Relief Association

Marathon Devil Dogs Marine Corps League

Marion Pound 175

Marion USBC Womens Bowling Association

Marshall Metro Rotary Club

Marshland Drainage Improvement Company

Marwoods Homeowners Association Inc.

Maryland Cocker Spaniel Club Inc.

Marylanders for Coherent & Fair Representation Inc.

Massachusetts Campaign for Single Payer Health Care Inc.

Massachusetts Federation of Business & Professional Women

Maui Fair Alliance

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Maysville Younger Womans Club Inc.

MCCE Action

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Media Farmers Market

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Memorial Society of North Central Ohio

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Michigan Faith And Freedom Coalition Inc.

Michigan Science Education Leadership Association

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Mid Tennessee Deaf Campout

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Middle Georgia Region Sports Car Club of America Inc.

Middle TN Region of the Antique Automobile Club of America Inc.

Midland Athletic Officials Association

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Millstadt Chamber of Commerce Incorporated

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Milwaukee Pride Parade Inc.

Minnesota for Marriage

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Mission Bend South C I A

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Modern Poly

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Modified Motorcycle Association of California

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Morrow of Tomorrow Inc.

Mother Lode Tea Party

Mount Vernon Chapter Number 11 Department Of Virginia Fort Belvoi

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Mulberry Senior Citizens Center Incorporated

Multiple District 49 International Association of Lions Clubs

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National Exchange Club

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Nevada County Fire Chiefs Association

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New England Broadcasting Educational Group

New Florence Post No. 7622 Veterans of Foreign Wars of the United

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New Mexico Horse Council Inc.

New Waverly Volunteer Fire Department

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Newport News Disc Golf Club

NFIB the Voice of Free Enterprise Inc.

Nicolas Berggruen Institute

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No American Debt Inc.

No on 22-Citizens Against Taxpayers Giveaways

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Norcal Tea Party Patriots

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North Brandywine Swim League

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North Kingstown Chapter 14 Dept of RI Disabled American Veterans

North Louisiana Cotton Festival and Fair Inc.

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Norwood Citizens Car Show

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Oak Grove Neighborhood Watch

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Obedience Club of Asheville

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Ogema Area Our Town Association

Ohio First for a Better Government

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Oklahomans for Liberty

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Optimist Club of Cerritos-Noon

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Our Vote Our Future

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Ozello Civic Association Inc.

Pack Rats Pup Tent No. 8 Military Order of the Cootie of the United

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Pakistanis Abroad For Tehreek E Insaf Inc.

Palm Beach Civic Club

Pan Macedonian Association of America Inc.

Parent and Staff Association for the Wisconsin School for the Deaf

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Park Place Civic Club

Parklawn Chapter Federally Employed Women

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Partnership for America

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Pelham Bay Taxpayers and Civic Association

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People of Woodstock Inc.

Petworth Community Market Inc.

Pharmacy Agent Corporation

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Philadelphia Water Association Incorporated

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Physicians for Compassionate Care of California

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Pioneers of Alaska Womens Igloo 5

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Polywide Sports

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Port Townsend Yacht Club

Portage Lake Area Community Service Organization

Portage on Call Firefighters Association

Portsmouth Housing Corporation

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Poulsbo Garden Club Inc.

Powder Pass Nordic Skiers & Shoers

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Preston Port Estates Crime Watch Inc.

Progress Missouri

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Progressive Leadership Alliance Of Nevada Action Fund

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Progressnow

Promote La Trade - Iaph 2013

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Rapid City Local Apwu 760

Raritan Valley Soccer Officials Association

Raton Chapter 8 Disabled American Veterans Dept. of New Mexico Inc.

Rcb Apartments Housing Development Fund Corporation

Rebuild the Dream

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Redwood Empire Chapter

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Restore Americas Voice Foundation

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Richardville Fund

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Right to Life of Kern County

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Riverside Womens Association

Roanoke Rapids Branch of the National Assoc of Letter Carriers

Robbinsdale Fire Department Relief Association

Robinson-Morrison Post No 2076 Veterans of Foreign Wars

Rock River Wranglers Inc.

Rockford Firemens Relief Association

Rockland County Chapter Number 98 Department of New York

Roderick G Patterson Dav Chapter 77

Rohnert Park Womens Low-Key Softball Association

Rolla Lions Club Inc.

Rolling Arsenal Of Derby

Rolling Thunder Inc. Chapter 11 Ohio

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Roosevelt Neighborhood Womans Club

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Rotary Club of Jamestown Tennessee Inc.

Rotary Club of Kapaa

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San Diego Geranium Society

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San Francisco Alliance for Jobs and Sustainable Growth

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Santa Maria Valley Water Users Association

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Schneider Estates

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Seven Mountains Usbc Inc

Seymour Johnson Air Force Base Non- Commissioned Officers Wives Club

Sgt Emmit L Randolph Chapter No 57 Disabled American Veterans Inc

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Shaver Lake Trophy Trout Project

Shelby County Liberty

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Strong America Now

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Suffield Lions Club Of Ohio

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Surgical Council On Resident Education

Susquehannna Valley Unit-Marine Cor Ps League Aux

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Tasc

Taxpayer Oversight Panel

Taxpayers For A Strong Economy

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Techvoice

Texans For Secure Retirement

Texas Animal Damage Control Association

Texas Beer Freedom

Texas Business For Higher Education

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The Breakfast Exchange

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The Greater Kalamzoo Community Service Fund

The Happy Wanderers Inc

The Helm Nrotc Midshipman Fund

The League Of Women Voters Of Manatee County Inc

The Lions Club Of Carondelet

The Lions Club Of Centerville

The Lions Club Of Chaffee North Dakota

The Lions Club Of Judson Texas

The Lions Club Of Minisink

The Lions Club Of Peterson

The Lions Club Of Springfield 16 Acres

The Lions Club Of Waimea

The Long Island Chapter Of The Interfaith Alliance Inc

The Melrose Family Room Inc

The Noon Optimist Club Of Piqua Oh

The Norwich Volunteer Firemans Association Inc

The Optimist Club Of Moberly Missouri

The Optimist Club Of Woodbine Iowa Inc

The Outstanding Twelve Civic Organization

The Rotary Club Of Branchburg Township

The Rotary Club Of Cheat Lake Inc

The Society Of The War Of 1812 In The State Of Louisiana

The Yuba Sutter Bowhunters

The@Government Integrity Fund Inc

Theta Alpha House Corporation Of Sigma Nu Fraternity Inc

Three Chopt Community Association

Tidewater Soccer Association

Tilden Gardens Housing Development Fund Company Inc

Timbercreek Association

Tinkham Woods Homeowners Association

Toronto Fourth Of July Committee Inc

Traditional Archers Of Nj Inc

Trail Festers Inc

Tri-County Beagle Club Of Mass Inc

Tri-State Shooting Park Inc

Troop 520 Flags Incorporated

Tucson Leones De La Noche Lions Club

Turin Ridge Riders Inc

Ukiah Usbc Association

Underfunded Parents Students And Educators Together

United States Bowling Congress Inc

United Steelworkers Local Union 00-389

University City Community Assoc

Us Common Action

Us Health Freedom Coalition Inc

Uss Berkeley Association

Utica Heights Community Club

Vermonters For Health Care Freedom

Vernon Firemens Association

Vernon Murphy Baseball Association Inc

Vets For Economic Freedom Trust

Village At Brandywine Civic Association

Village Quilters Of Lake Bluff Lake Forest Il

Virginia Alliance For Retired Americans

Vision Sem

Vixen Athletics All-Stars

Volunteer Fire Company No 1 Of Chesapeake City Incorporated

Volunteer Palm Springs

Volusia 912 Patriots Inc

Walden On Lake Conroe Community Improvement Asso

Wanette Lions Club

Warroad Area Firefighters Relief Association

Wasatch Tango Club

Washburn Beavers Atv Club

Washington Lions Club

Waterside Towers Residents Associat Ion Inc

Watervliet Recreation Council

Wauna Shores Association

Wayne County Chapter No 45 Disabled American Veterans Inc

Wayne County Four Star Health Program

Wayne Hose Company No 1 Inc

Wazniak Povloski Post No 7963 Veterans Of Foreign Wars Of The

We Are Wisconsin Inc

Webb Creek Volunteer Fire Dept

Webster Beagle Club

Weiner Area Chamber Of Commerce

Werize

West 78th Street Museum Block Association

West Florida Home Education Support League

West Side United Neighbors Block Watch

West Suburban Patriots

West Swan Shores Road Association Inc

West Virginia Veterans Incorporated

Westmoreland County Court Related Employees Association

Wetumpka Tea Party Inc

Wexford Leas Civic Association

White Sands Agility Club

Whitestown Lions Club

Wild Horse Mustang Club Inc

Wildflower Quilt Guild Inc

William B Wilson Home Association

Williamson County Chapter 71 Disabled American Veterans

Williamsville Lions Club

Willits Environmental Center

Willownook Hoa

Willows Citizens Association Incorporated

Wisconsin Small Businesses United Inc

Womans Club Of Hackettstown Inc

Womans Club Of Winter Haven Inc

Womans Wesleyan Educational Council Of Nebraska

Women Painters Of The Southeast

Woodcreek Property Owners Inc

Woodland Terrace Neighborhood Watch-Grid 055

Woods Homeowners Association Inc

Workers Comp Not Lawyers Comp Ltd

Workers Rights Coalition

World Chinese Bodybuilding & Fitness Association

Yard Art Classics Car Club Inc

York And Adams County Coon Protective Association

Yorkshire Haverford Community Association

Z Club Of Southern Oregon

Zonta Club Of Denver II

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/blogs/ticket/irs-targeted-tea-party-groups-did-liberal-groups-172738397.html

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